feh.pre

.Dd $DATE$
.Dt FEH 1
.Os
.
.
.Sh NAME
.
.Nm feh
.Nd image viewer and cataloguer
.
.
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.
.Nm
.Op Ar options
.Op Ar files No | Ar directories No | Ar URLs ...
.
.
.Sh VERSION
.
This manual documents
.Nm
$VERSION$
.
.Pp
.
Compile-time switches: libcurl support $MAN_CURL$, Xinerama support
$MAN_XINERAMA$, builtin EXIF support $MAN_EXIF$$MAN_DEBUG$
.
.
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.
.Nm
is a mode-based image viewer.  It is especially aimed at command line users who
need a fast image viewer without huge GUI dependencies, though it can also be
started by
.Pq graphical
file managers to view an image.
By default
.Pq unless arguments or a filelist are specified
.Nm
displays all files in the current directory.
.
.Pp
.
.Nm
supports filelists, various image sorting modes, image captions, HTTP and more.
Configurable keyboard shortcuts are used to control it; the mouse is also
supported, but only required for very few actions.
.
.Pp
.
.Nm
can also be used as wallpaper setter.
.
.Pp
.
EXIF tags are supported either using exiv2 / exifgrep via
.Cm --info
.Pq see the Sx USAGE EXAMPLES No section ,
or by compiling
.Nm
with exif=1.
.
.
.Sh MODES
.
.Nm
is based on various modes, which are selected at startup by command line
options.
.
.Pp
.
Slideshow mode is the default.  It opens one window and displays the first
image in it, the keyboard and mouse can be used to change slides
.Pq images .
In slideshow mode, images can be deleted either from the filelist or from the
disk, the new filelist can then be saved to the disk and reopened at a later
time.
An image can also be read from stdin via
.Qq feh - .
.
.Pp
.
Montage mode forms a montage from the filelist.  The resulting image can be
viewed or saved, and its size can be limited by height, width or both.
.
.Pp
.
Index mode forms an index print from the filelist.  Image thumbnails are shown
along with the filename, filesize and pixel size, printed using a truetype
font of your choice.  The resulting image can be viewed or saved, and its size
can be limited by height, width or both.
.
.Pp
.
Thumbnail mode is like index mode, but the mini-images are clickable and open
the selected image in a new window.
.
.Pp
.
Multiwindow mode shows images in multiple windows, instead of as a slideshow
in one window.  Don't use with a large filelist ;)
.
.Pp
.
List mode doesn't display images.  Outputs an
.Cm ls - No style
listing of the files in the filelist, including image info such as size,
pixels, type, etc.  Customlist mode will display whatever image info you want,
in the format you choose.
.
.Pp
.
.Nm
can also list either all the loadable files in a filelist or all the
unloadable files.  Useful for preening a directory.
.
.
.Sh SUPPORTED FORMATS
.
.Nm
can open any format supported by Imlib2, most notably jpeg and png.
.
If the convert binary
.Pq supplied by ImageMagick
is available, it also has limited support for many other filetypes, such as
svg, xcf and otf. Use
.Cm --magick-timeout Ar num
with a non-negative value to enable it.
.
For animated images, only the first frame is shown.
.
.
.Sh OPTIONS
.
.Bl -tag -width indent
.
.It Cm -A , --action Oo Ar flag Oc Ns Oo [ Ar title ] Oc Ns Ar action
.
Specify a shell command as an action to perform on the image.  In slideshow or
multiwindow mode, the action will be run when the action_0 key is pressed, in
list mode, it will be run for each file.  In loadable/unloadable mode, it will
be run for each loadable/unloadable file, respectively.  In thumbnail mode,
clicking on an image will cause the action to run instead of opening the image.
.
.Pp
.
If
.Ar flag
is
.Qq \&; ,
.Nm
will reload the current image instead of switching to the next one
.Pq slideshow mode
or closing the window
.Pq multiwindow mode
after
executing the action.
.
If
.No [ Ar title ]
is specified
.Pq note the literal Qo \&[ Qc and Qo ] Qc ,
.Cm --draw-actions
will display
.Ar title
instead of
.Ar action
in the action list. Note that
.Ar title
must not start with a space. If it does, the action is handled as if it did
not have a title. This special case exists for backwards compatibility reasons
and makes sure that actions like
.Qq \&[ -L %F \&] && foo
still work.
.
.
.Pp
.
The action will be executed by /bin/sh.  Use format specifiers to refer to
image info, see
.Sx FORMAT SPECIFIERS
for details.  Example usage:
.Qq feh -A Qo mv ~/images/%N Qc * .
.
.It Cm --action1 No .. Cm --action9
.
Extra actions which can be set and triggered using the appropriate number key.
.
.It Cm -Z , --auto-zoom
.
Zoom pictures to screen size in fullscreen / fixed geometry mode.
.
.It Cm -x , --borderless
.
Create borderless windows.
.
.It Cm -P , --cache-thumbnails
.
Enable thumbnail caching in
.Pa ~/.thumbnails .
Only works with thumbnails <= 256x256 pixels.
.
.It Cm -K , --caption-path Ar path
.
Path to directory containing image captions.  This turns on caption viewing,
and if captions are found in
.Ar path ,
which is relative to the directory of each image, they are overlayed on the
displayed image.  E.g. with caption path
.Qq captions/ ,
and viewing image
.Qq images/foo.jpg ,
the caption will be looked for in
.Qq images/captions/foo.jpg.txt .
.
.It Cm -L , --customlist Ar format
.
Don't display images, print image info according to
.Ar format
instead.  See
.Sx FORMAT SPECIFIERS .
.
.It Cm --cycle-once
.
Exit
.Nm
after one loop through the slideshow.
.
.It Cm -G , --draw-actions
.
Draw the defined actions and what they do at the top-left of the image.
.
.It Cm --draw-exif
.
.Pq only if compiled with exif=1
display some EXIF information in the bottom left corner, similar to using
.Cm --info
with exiv2 / exifgrep .
.
.It Cm -d , --draw-filename
.
Draw the filename at the top-left of the image.
.
.It Cm --draw-tinted
.
Show overlay texts
.Pq as created by Cm --draw-filename No et al
on a semi-transparent background to improve their readability
.
.It Cm -f , --filelist Ar file
.
This option is similar to the playlists used by music software.  If
.Ar file
exists, it will be read for a list of files to load, in the order they appear.
The format is a list of image filenames, absolute or relative to the current
directory, one filename per line.
.
.Pp
.
If
.Ar file
doesn't exist, it will be created from the internal filelist at the end of a
viewing session.  This is best used to store the results of complex sorts
.Pq Cm -Spixels No for example
for later viewing.
.
.Pp
.
Any changes to the internal filelist
.Pq such as deleting a file or it being pruned for being unloadable
will be saved to
.Ar file
when
.Nm
exits.  You can add files to filelists by specifying them on the command line
when also specifying the list.
.
.Pp
.
If
.Ar file
is
.Qq - ,
.Nm
will read the filelist from its standard input.
.
.It Cm -e , --font Ar font
.
Set global font.  Should be a truetype font, resident in the current directory
or the font directory, and should be defined in the form fontname/points, like
.Qq myfont/12 .
.
.It Cm -C , --fontpath Ar path
.
Specify
.Ar path
as extra directory in which to search for fonts; can be used multiple times to
add multiple paths.
.
.It Cm --force-aliasing
.
Disable antialiasing for zooming, background setting etc.
.
.It Cm -I , --fullindex
.
Same as index mode, but with additional information below the thumbnails.
Works just like
.Qq feh --index --index-info \&"\&%n\en\&%S\en\&%wx\&%h\&" .
Enables
.Sx MONTAGE MODE OPTIONS .
.
.Pp
.
Note: This option needs to load all images to calculate the dimensions of the
.Nm
window, so when using it with many files it will take a while before a
.Nm
window is visible.  Use
.Cm --preload
to get a progress bar.
.
.It Cm -F , --fullscreen
.
Make the window fullscreen.
Note that in this mode, large images will always be scaled down to fit the
screen,
.Cm --zoom Ar zoom
only affects smaller images and never scales larger than necessary to fit the
screen size. The only exception is a
.Ar zoom
of 100, in which case images will always be shown at 100% zoom, no matter
their dimensions.
.
.It Cm -g , --geometry Oo Ar width No x Ar height Oc Op + Ar x No + Ar y
.
Limit (and don't change) the window size.  Takes an X-style geometry
.Ar string
like 640x480 with optional +x+y window offset.
Note that larger images will be zoomed out to fit, but you can see them at 1:1
by clicking the zoom button.
.
Also note that this option does not enforce the geometry, changing it by a tiling
WM or manually is still possible. After each resize, the resulting window size
is used as the new size limit.
.
.It Cm -Y , --hide-pointer
.
Hide the pointer
.Pq useful for slideshows .
.
.It Cm -B , --image-bg Ar style
.
Use style as background for transparent image parts and the like.
Accepted values: checks, white, black.
.
The default for windowed mode is checks, while fullscreen defaults to black.
.
.It Cm -i , --index
.
Enable Index mode.  Index mode is similar to montage mode, and accepts the
same options.  It creates an index print of thumbnails, printing the image
name beneath each thumbnail.  Index mode enables certain other options, see
.Sx INDEX MODE OPTIONS
and
.Sx MONTAGE MODE OPTIONS .
.
.It Cm --index-info Ar format
.
Show image information based on
.Ar format
below thumbnails in index / thumbnail mode.  See
.Sx FORMAT SPECIFIERS .
May contain newlines.
.
Use
.Qq --index-info So Sc
to display thumbnails without any info text
.
.Pp
.
Note: If you specify image-related formats
.Pq such as \&%w or \&%s ,
.Nm
needs to load all images to calculate the dimensions of its own window.
So when using them with many files, it will take a while before a
.Nm
window becomes visible.  Use
.Cm --preload
to get a progress bar.
.
.It Cm --info Oo Ar flag Oc Ns Ar commandline
.
Execute
.Ar commandline
and display its output in the bottom left corner of the image.  Can be used to
display e.g. image dimensions or EXIF information.  Supports
.Sx FORMAT SPECIFIERS .
.
If
.Ar flag
is set to
.Qo ; Qc ,
the output will not be displayed by default, but has to be enabled by the
toggle_info key.
.
.It Cm -k , --keep-http
.
When viewing files using HTTP,
.Nm
normally deletes the local copies after viewing, or, if caching, on exit.
This option prevents this so that you get to keep the local copies.
They will be in
.Pa /tmp
with
.Qq Nm
in the name.
.
.It Cm --insecure
.
When viewing files with HTTPS, this option disables strict hostname and peer
checking. This allows images on sites with self-signed certificates to be
opened, but is no more secure than plain HTTP.
.
.It Cm --keep-zoom-vp
.
When switching images, keep zoom and viewport settings
.Pq zoom level and X, Y offsets
.
.It Cm -l , --list
.
Don't display images.  Analyze them and display an
.Xr ls 1 - No style
listing.  Useful in scripts to hunt out images of a certain
size/resolution/type etc.
.
.It Cm -U , --loadable
.
Don't display images.  Just print out their names if imlib2 can successfully
load them.
Returns false if at least one image failed to load.
.
.It Cm --magick-timeout Ar timeout
.
Stop trying to convert unloadable files after
.Ar timeout
seconds. A negative value disables covert / magick support altogether, a value
of zero causes
.Nm
to try indefinitely. By default, magick support is disabled.
.
.It Cm --max-dimension Ar width No x Ar height
.
Only show images with width <=
.Ar width
and height <=
.Ar height .
If you only care about one parameter, set the other to 0
.Pq or a negative value .
.
.It Cm -M , --menu-font Ar font
.
Use
.Ar font
.Pq truetype, with size, like Qq yudit/12
as menu font.
.
.It Cm --min-dimension Ar width No x Ar height
.
Only show images with width >=
.Ar width
and height >=
.Ar height .
If you only care about one parameter, set the other to 0.
.
.It Cm -m , --montage
.
Enable montage mode.  Montage mode creates a new image consisting of a grid of
thumbnails of the images in the filelist.  When montage mode is selected,
certain other options become available.  See
.Sx MONTAGE MODE OPTIONS .
.
.It Cm -w , --multiwindow
.
Disable slideshow mode.  With this setting, instead of opening multiple files
in slideshow mode, multiple windows will be opened; one per file.
.
.It Cm --no-jump-on-resort
.
Don't jump to the first image after resorting the filelist.
.
.It Cm -N , --no-menus
.
Don't load or show any menus.
.
.It Cm --no-screen-clip
.
By default, window sizes are limited to the screen size.  With this option,
windows will have the size of the image inside them.  Note that they may
become very large this way, making them unmanageable in certain window
managers.
.
.It Cm --no-xinerama
.
Disable Xinerama support.  Only makes sense when you have Xinerama support
compiled in.
.
.It Cm -j , --output-dir Ar directory
.
Save files to
.Ar directory
.Pq only useful with -k
.
.It Cm -p , --preload
.
Preload images.  This doesn't mean hold them in RAM, it means run through
them and eliminate unloadable images first.  Otherwise they will be removed
as you flick through.  This also analyses the images to get data for use in
sorting, such as pixel size, type etc.  A preload run will be automatically
performed if you specify one of these sort modes.
.
.It Cm -q , --quiet
.
Don't report non-fatal errors for failed loads.  Verbose and quiet modes are
not mutually exclusive, the first controls informational messages, the second
only errors.
.
.It Cm -z , --randomize
.
When viewing multiple files in a slideshow, randomize the file list before
displaying. The list is re-randomized whenever the slideshow cycles (that is,
transitions from last to first image).
.
.It Cm -r , --recursive
.
Recursively expand any directories in the commandline arguments
to the content of those directories, all the way down to the bottom level.
.
.It Cm --no-recursive
.
Don't recursively expand any directories (enabled by default).
Useful to override theme options.
.
.It Cm -R , --reload Ar int
.
Reload filelist and current image after
.Ar int
seconds.  Useful for viewing HTTP webcams or frequently changing directories.
.Pq Note that the filelist reloading is still experimental.
.
.Pp
.
If an image is removed,
.Nm
will either show the next one or quit.  However, if an image still exists, but
can no longer be loaded,
.Nm
will continue to try loading it.
.
.It Cm -n , --reverse
.
Reverse the sort order.  Use this to invert the order of the filelist.
E.g. to sort in reverse width order, use
.Cm -nSwidth .
.
.It Cm -. , --scale-down
.
Scale images to fit window geometry (defaults to screen size when no geometry
was specified). Note that the window geometry is not updated when changing
images at the moment. This behaviour may change in the future.
.
This option is ignored when in fullscreen mode.
.
.Pp
.
In tiling environments, this also causes the image to be centered in the window.
.
.It Cm --scroll-step Ar count
.
Scroll
.Ar count
pixels whenever scroll_up, scroll_down, scroll_left or scroll_right is pressed.
Note that this option accepts negative numbers in case you need to inverse the
scroll direction; see
.Sx KEYS CONFIG SYNTAX
to change it permanently.
Default: 20
.
.It Cm -D , --slideshow-delay Ar float
.
For slideshow mode, wait
.Ar float
seconds between automatically changing slides.  Useful for presentations.
Specify a negative number to set the delay
.Pq which will then be Ar float No * (-1) ,
but start
.Nm
in paused mode.
.
.It Cm -S , --sort Ar sort_type
.
The file list may be sorted according to image parameters.  Allowed sort types
are: name, filename, dirname, mtime, width, height, pixels, size, format.  For
sort modes other than name, filename, dirname, or mtime, a preload run will be
necessary, causing a delay proportional to the number of images in the list.
.
.Pp
.
The mtime sort mode sorts images by most recently modified. To sort by oldest
first, reverse the filelist with --reverse.
.
.It Cm -| , --start-at Ar filename
.
Start the filelist at
.Ar filename .
.
Note that at the moment,
.Ar filename
must match an
.Pq expanded
path in the filelist. So, if the file to be matched is passed via an absolute
path in the filelist,
.Ar filename
must be an absolute path. If the file is passed via a relative path,
.Ar filename
must be an identical relative path. This is a known issue.
See also
.Sx USAGE EXAMPLES .
.
.It Cm -T , --theme Ar theme
.
Load options from config file with name
.Ar theme
- see
.Sx THEMES CONFIG SYNTAX
for more info.  Note that commandline options always override theme options.
The theme can also be set via the program name
.Pq e.g. with symlinks ,
so by default
.Nm
will look for a
.Qq Nm
theme.
.
.It Cm -t , --thumbnails
.
Same as Index mode, but the thumbnails are clickable image launchers.
Note that
.Cm --fullscreen
and
.Cm --scale-down
do not affect the thumbnail window. They do, however, work for image windows
launched from thumbnail mode.
Also supports
.Sx MONTAGE MODE OPTIONS .
.
.It Cm -~ , --thumb-title Ar string
.
Set
.Ar title
for windows opened from thumbnail mode.  See also
.Sx FORMAT SPECIFIERS .
.
.It Cm -^ , --title Ar title
.
Set window title.  Applies to all windows except those opened from thumbnail
mode.  See
.Sx FORMAT SPECIFIERS .
.
.It Cm -u , --unloadable
.
Don't display images.  Just print out their names if imlib2 can NOT
successfully load them.
Returns false if at least one image was loadable.
.
.It Cm -V , --verbose
.
output useful information, progress bars, etc.
.
.It Cm -v , --version
.
output version information and exit.
.
.It Cm --xinerama-index Ar screen
.
Override
.Nm Ns No 's
idea of the active Xinerama screen. May be useful in certain circumstances
where the window manager places the feh window on Xinerama screen A while
.Nm
assumes that it will be placed on screen B.
.
.Pp
.
In background setting mode: When used with any option other than
.Cm --bg-tile :
Only set wallpaper on
.Ar screen .
All other screens will be filled black/white.
.
This is most useful in a Xinerama configuration with
overlapping screens.  For instance, assume you have two overlapping displays
(index 0 and 1), where index 0 is smaller. To center a background on the
display with index 0 and fill the extra space on index 1 black/white, use
.Qq --xinerama-index 0
when setting the wallpaper.
.
.It Cm --zoom Ar percent No | Cm max No | Cm fill
.
Zoom images by
.Ar percent
when in full screen mode or when window geometry is fixed.  When combined with
.Cm --auto-zoom ,
zooming will be limited to the specified
.Ar percent .
Specifying
.Cm max
is like setting
.Cm --auto-zoom ,
using
.Cm fill
makes
.Nm
zoom the image like the
.Cm --bg-fill
mode.
.
.El
.
.
.Sh MONTAGE MODE OPTIONS
.
These additional options can be used for index, montage and
.Pq partially
thumbnail mode.
.
.Bl -tag -width indent
.
.It Cm -a , --alpha Ar int
.
When drawing thumbnails onto the background, set their transparency level to
.Ar int
.Pq 0 - 255 .
.
.It Cm -b , --bg Ar file No | Cm trans
.
Use
.Ar file
as background for your montage.  With this option specified, the montage size
will default to the size of
.Ar file
if no size restrictions were specified.  Alternatively, if
.Ar file
is
.Qq trans ,
the background will be made transparent.
.
.It Cm -X , --ignore-aspect
.
By default, the montage thumbnails will retain their aspect ratios, while
fitting into thumb-width/-height.  This options forces them to be the size set
by
.Cm --thumb-width No and Cm --thumb-height .
This will prevent any empty space in the final montage.
.
.It Cm -H , --limit-height Ar pixels
.
Limit the height of the montage.
.
.It Cm -W , --limit-width Ar pixels
.
Limit the width of the montage, defaults to 800 pixels.
.
.Pp
.
If both
.Cm --limit-width No and Cm --limit-height
are specified, the montage will be exactly
.Ar width No x Ar height
pixels in dimensions.
.
.It Cm -o , --output Ar file
.
Save the created montage to
.Ar file .
.
.It Cm -O , --output-only Ar file
.
Just save the created montage to
.Ar file
without displaying it.
.
.It Cm -s , --stretch
.
Normally, if an image is smaller than the specified thumbnail size, it will
not be enlarged.  If this option is set, the image will be scaled up to fit
the thumbnail size.  Aspect ratio will be maintained unless
.Cm --ignore-aspect
is specified.
.
.It Cm -E , --thumb-height Ar pixels
.
Set thumbnail height.
.
.It Cm -y , --thumb-width Ar pixels
.
Set thumbnail width.
.
.It Cm -J , --thumb-redraw Ar n
.
Only relevant for
.Cm --thumbnails :
Redraw thumbnail window every
.Ar n
images.  In
.Nm
<= 1.5, the thumbnail image used to be redrawn after every computed thumbnail
.Pq so, it updated immediately .
However, since the redrawing takes quite long
.Pq especially for thumbnail mode on a large filelist ,
this turned out to be a major performance penalty.
As a workaround, the thumbnail image is redrawn every 10th image now by
default. Set
.Ar n No = 1
to get the old behaviour,
.Ar n No = 0
will only redraw once all thumbnails are loaded.
.
.El
.
.
.Sh INDEX MODE OPTIONS
.
.Bl -tag -width indent
.
.It Cm -@ , --title-font Ar font
.
Set font to print a title on the index, if no font is specified, no title will
be printed.
.El
.
.
.Sh BACKGROUND SETTING
.
.Nm
can also be used as a background setter.  Unless you pass the
.Cm --no-fehbg
option, it will write a script to set the current background to
.Pa ~/.fehbg .
So to have your background restored every time you start X, you can add
.Qq sh ~/.fehbg &
to your X startup script
.Pq such as Pa ~/.xinitrc .
As of
.Nm
2.13, this script is executable, so
.Qq ~/.fehbg &
will work as well.
.
.Pp
.
For the
.Cm --bg-center
and
.Cm --bg-max
options, you can use the
.Cm --geometry
option to specify an offset from one side of the screen instead of
centering the image.  Positive values will offset from the left/top
side, negative values from the bottom/right.  +0 and -0 are both
valid and distinct values.
.
.Pp
.
Note that all options except
.Cm --bg-tile
support Xinerama.
For instance, if you have multiple screens connected and use e.g.
.Cm --bg-center ,
.Nm
will center or appropriately offset the image on each screen.
You may even specify more than one file, in that case, the first file is set
on screen 0, the second on screen 1, and so on.
.
.Pp
.
Use
.Cm --no-xinerama
to treat the whole X display as one screen when setting wallpapers. You
may also use
.Cm --xinerama-index
to use
.Nm
as a background setter for a specific screen.
.
.Bl -tag -width indent
.
.It Cm --bg-center
.
Center the file on the background.  If it is too small, it will be surrounded
by a black border
.
.It Cm --bg-fill
.
Like
.Cm --bg-scale ,
but preserves aspect ratio by zooming the image until it fits.  Either a
horizontal or a vertical part of the image will be cut off
.
.It Cm --bg-max
.
Like
.Cm --bg-fill ,
but scale the image to the maximum size that fits the screen with black borders on one side.
.
.It Cm --bg-scale
.
Fit the file into the background without repeating it, cutting off stuff or
using borders.  But the aspect ratio is not preserved either
.
.It Cm --bg-tile
.
Tile
.Pq repeat
the image in case it is too small for the screen
.
.It Cm --no-fehbg
.
Do not write a
.Pa ~/.fehbg
file
.
.El
.
.
.Sh FORMAT SPECIFIERS
.
.Bl -tag -width indent
.
.It %f
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Image path/filename
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.It %F
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Escaped image path/filename
.Pq for use in shell commands
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.It %h
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Image height
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.It %l
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Total number of files in filelist
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.It %L
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Temporary copy of filelist. Multiple uses of %L within the same format string will return the same copy.
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.It %m
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Current mode
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.It %n
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Image name
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.It \&%N
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Escaped image name
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.It %o
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x,y offset of top-left image corner to window corner in pixels
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.It %p
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Number of image pixels
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.It \&%P
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Number of image pixels
.Pq kilopixels / megapixels
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.It %r
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Image rotation. A half right turn equals pi.
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.It %s
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Image size in bytes
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.It %S
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Human-readable image size
.Pq kB / MB
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.It %t